But Mr. Trump has also called for a more isolationist foreign policy and has said that American allies should pick up more of the bill for defending themselves. And even central tenets of military strategy are in question. At the same time Mr. Trump has been criticized by lawmakers from both parties for cozying up to Russia, his defense secretary, James Mattis, a retired Marine general, has described that country as America’s “principal threat.”
As a result, independent analysts said, it is hard to square the president’s foreign and defense policies or know what his final priorities would be if Congress only approved part of the money he is seeking.